François Recanati (2002) “Deixis and anaphora”:http://jeannicod.ccsd.cnrs.fr/documents/disk0/00/00/04/11/ (final version, October 2003), in Zoltan Szabo, Ed. Semantics vs. Pragmatics. Oxford University Press. (”RTF”:http://jeannicod.ccsd.cnrs.fr/documents/disk0/00/00/04/11/ijn0000041100/ijn0000041100.rtf)
bq. According to the pragmatic theory of anaphora, anaphoric uses of pronouns are free uses, like deictic uses and associative uses. Evans’s argument against the pragmatic theory has been shown to rest on unargued assumptions. In the version of the pragmatic theory I have outlined, anaphoric uses of pronouns turn out to be very similar to deictic uses. Like deictic uses, anaphoric uses are ‘indexical’ in the rather strict sense discussed by Nunberg: their content is contextually determined in terms of some feature of the situation of utterance (the index). For demonstratives the index is a position in space ; for anaphoric pronouns, it is a position in ‘discourse space’, i.e. an argument position articulated in the surrounding discourse.
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